No Hentai, Please: Japan Prosecutes AI Porn Prompters

M. Christian
6 Min Read

Four run afoul of the country’s strict anti-adult content laws

In a fascinating intersection between the do-it-yourself, AI-generated explicit materials boom and their country’s staunch ban on anything depicting realistic genitalia, last month, four Japanese citizens were arrested not for creating erotic imagery but for failing to specify the results of their “spread leg” prompts should be obscured.

Soranews24 reports this is a national first as many have and will likely continue to be cited for accurately depicting sexualized nudity and sexual activity, but Japanese authorities haven’t yet extended their reach to AI image-generating software services.

Described by Soranews24 as “four men and women with ages ranging from their 20s to 50s,” the Tokyo Metropolitan Police has specifically accused them of distributing obscene imagery by selling posters of their AI prompts for several thousand yen each—netting one of the four at least seventy thousand US dollars or approximately ten million Yen.

Old laws, new world

Differing from many of Japan’s rules and regulations, Article 175 precedes its constitution, which was predominantly imposed by the Allied Occupation forces in accordance with Japan’s World War II surrender terms.

Part of its 1907 penal code, Article 175 sets out a punishment of two years imprisonment and/or a two million, five hundred thousand Yen, nearly $20,000 fine.  

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But since its original inception more than a century ago, it and other Japanese obscenity laws have varied widely in how they’ve been enforced—particularly as legal authorities struggle to deal with technological advancements from clandestine video rental services to the Internet.

Maebari, pixelation—or else

In an early attempt to avoid persecution, a number of adult entertainment producers began fitting their performers with adhesive-backed pubic hair shields called maebari

Ironically, the term and practice faded into obscurity when shaving became all the rage as Japanese obscenity laws tend to zero in on pubic hair depictions.

With the advent of digital photography came genital pixelation, the lack of which got the “four men and women” in trouble.

More questions than answers

In the Soranews24 article, one person said of the Japanese AI-generated adult content prosecution, “There are only a few countries that criminalize uncensored nudity.” Then continued, “Anyone can find it on the Internet anyway, so these laws are useless. I think people struggle to contemplate if it’s really a problem to enjoy parts of the human body.”

Another said it was an example of Japan’s anti-obscenity laws falling behind the times, “There are people who upload uncensored images to social media. Does that not count as distribution?”

What’s especially troubling about this case is its selective enforcement; Authorities not going after a particularly egregious purveyor of adult materials or someone using AI to create underage imagery, instead prosecuting  four people who—as far as we’re aware—did what thousands have already done.  They simply had the misfortune to be at the wrong place at the worst time.

More frustratingly, it’s unlikely their arrest will hinder others from doing the same. If anything, it’ll force similar AI adult content creators to be extra clever in getting their products into the hands of others.

Such content might not even be preventable. Why should anyone pay for AI-generated adult content when they can make their own by simply prompting for it?

Technology finds a way

Japan’s not alone in attempting to stuff the genie back in the bottle. The United States and other countries are increasingly being steadily bombarded by proposed and actually enacted laws against the creation, sale, or distribution of adult materials.

Often hidden behind the self-righteous camouflage and well-known logical facility of “thinking of the children,” similar laws either seek to criminalize the exchange of consensually created explicit content, or will set up as many digital or monetary roadblocks as necessary to financially strangle the industry.

If there’s a ray of sunshine in all of this, it’s just as Japanese obscenity laws—or more precisely, their erratic enforcement—can’t stem the adult technology wave, so too other repressive ordinances won’t be able to either.

Not that legal systems won’t stop trying by making examples of people whose only crime was getting caught doing what a majority of people on this planet have always done: making and ejoying images of other, consensually naked adults.

Image Sources: Depositphotos

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M.Christian (they/them) loves nothing better than exploring the intersections of sex and technology—and speculating on the future of both. A highly regarded erotica writer they have six novels,12 collections, 100+ short stories, and 25 anthologies as an editor to their name. Their non-fiction regularly appears in many sites, but they're most proud of being a regular contributor to Future of Sex. Of their erotic fiction, Tristan Taormino said that “M.Christian is a literary stylist of the highest caliber: smart, funny, frightening, sexy—there's nothing [they] can't write about… and brilliantly.” Reflecting their unique ability to sympathetically and convincingly write for a range of genders and sexual orientations, their stories have appeared in multiple editions of Best American Erotica, Best Gay Erotica, Best Lesbian Erotica, The Mammoth Books of Erotica, and others. Their collection of gay erotic fiction, Dirty Words, was a finalist for the Lambda Literary Award. While a majority of their stories have been collected into books like Dirty Words, their fondness for combining sex and science fiction is clearly evident in collections that include Rude Mechanicals, Technorotica, Better Than The Real Thing, Skin Effect Effect, Bachelor Machine, and Hard Drive: The Best Sci-Fi Erotica of M.Christian. As a novelist, M.Christian’s versatility is on full display with Running Dry, The Very Bloody Marys, Brushes, Painted Doll; and the somewhat controversial queer BDSM/horror/thrillers Finger's Breadth, and Me2. M.Christian has worked on the industry’s production side as an Associate Publisher for Renaissance E Books and as a Publisher for Digital Parchment Services. The latter dedicated to celebrating the works of science-fiction legends such as William Rotsler, Jerome Bixby, Jody Scott, Arthur Byron Cover, Ernest Hogan, and James Van Hise. Covering topics like BDSM safety, sexual education, senior sexuality concerns, queer and gender issues, plus reviewing a variety of sex tech products, M.Christian’s non-fiction has appeared on sites like Kinkly, Tickle.Life, Sexpert, Queer Majority, Sex for Every Body, and—of course—their ongoing work for Future of Sex. If there’s anything M.Christian enjoys more than writing, it’s teaching. A featured presenter, sometimes with their friend Ralph Greco Jr, at national sex and BDSM events, they have lectured on kink play (with an emphasis on safety), polyamory, boosting sexual creativity, and erotica writing--for beginners or those wanting to go pro. M.Christian is a cohost on two popular sex-education podcasts: Love’s Outer Limits with Dr. Amy Marsh and Licking Non-Vanilla with Ralph Greco, Jr.